A society is connected with different aspects of systems and technologies whereas the system of water supplying technique is one among those. Underwater pipelines have a good effect on water transportation yet still any drawback in the project or damage or leakage should be detected on time to rescue the loss of water. Thus acoustic methods could be used in the detection process of underground pipeline network and leakage also that is monitored through acoustic/vibration sensors either installed along with pipeline system or onto the surface of the ground.

One of the widely used pipeline leakage detection system is cross-correlation methods still they stay back in advantage as they cannot be used or applied to multi-leakage detection. Researchers investigated the characteristics of leakage signals in water supply pipes through dispersion and radiation. Thus the proposal of the acoustic method explained regarding buried pipes based on ground surface vibration measurements.

Frequency

Axisymmetric fluid-borne wave was meant to be the main carrier of acoustic energy at low frequencies. Once the leakage occurs, those frequencies could radiate and propagate to the ground surface. Image fusion method was built that could detect and carry out the ground surface vibration for mapping and locating underground pipeline leakage.

Sensor to Detect Leakage

Tri-axial geophone sensor array was adopted to measure the ground surface vibration and that also extracted the magnitude information to determine the position of leak source alongside demonstrates a feasible approach for remote sensation and locating multiple leaks. The magnitude contour plots were obtained by analysing the characteristics of acoustic wave propagation of leak signals. The connected graph traversal method was subsequently introduced in the process of image fusion, revealing the suspected leakage area and leakage position. Thus resulted in offering a potential improvement over the conventional vibroacoustic technique for automatically mapping and locating the suspected leakage area, which was beneficial to the practical application.